Ultrastructural microbial ecology of infection-induced urinary stones. in Urinary Stones: Clinical and Laboratory Aspects 257–266 (University Park Press, 1982). in Stones: Clinical management of urolithiasis (eds Roth, R. in 2 nd European Symposium on Stone Disease (Urological Research, 1990). Clinical implication of routine stone culture in percutaneous nephrolithotomy-a prospective study. Absence of bacterial imprints on struvite-containing kidney stones: a structural investigation at the mesoscopic and atomic scale. Characterization and some physicochemical aspects of pathological microcalcifications.

High carbonate level of apatite in kidney stones implies infection, but is it predictive? Urolithiasis 41, 389–394 (2013).īazin, D., Daudon, M., Combes, C. Extensive characterizations of bacteria isolated from catheterized urine and stone matrices in patients with nephrolithiasis. Characteristics of patients with staghorn calculi in our experience. One week of ciprofloxacin before percutaneous nephrolithotomy significantly reduces upper tract infection and urosepsis: a prospective controlled study. Time to development of symptomatic urinary calculi in a high risk environment. Nonsurgical management of infection-related renal calculi. Staghorn calculi–long-term results of management. Bacteriological study and structural composition of staghorn stones removed by the anatrophic nephrolithotomic procedure.

Changes in upper urinary tract stone composition in Australia over the past 30 years.

Evaluation and management of infection stones. Harnsteine, Pathobiochemie and Klinisch-chemische Diagnostik (eds Breuer, H., Buttner, H. When selecting antibiotics to treat infection, it is necessary to acquire a stone culture or, at the very least, urine culture from the renal pelvis at time of surgery, as midstream urine cultures do not always reflect the causative organism. PCNL is considered to be the gold-standard approach to treating struvite calculi, but adjuncts might be used when deemed necessary. Several methods to remove stone fragments have been described in the literature, including the use of urease inhibitors, acidification therapy, dissolution therapy, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and anatrophic nephrolithotomy. The three key principles of treating struvite stones are: removal of all stone fragments, the use of antibiotics to treat the infection, and prevention of recurrence. These calculi can cause significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated or treated inadequately optimal treatment involves complete stone eradication in conjunction with antibiotic therapy. Infection stones-which account for 10–15% of all urinary calculi-are thought to form in the presence of urease-producing bacteria.

Staghorn calculus and proteus